Brexit at 9: 99 Customs & Trade FAQs for 2025
- Arne Mielken
- Jun 19
- 5 min read
9 years on, Brexit still raises key trade questions. Our updated guide answers the top 99 customs and trade FAQs for 2025, helping businesses navigate post-Brexit challenges.
The UK’s departure from the European Union, known as Brexit, has undoubtedly reshaped the economic and trade relationships between the UK and the EU. Now, nearly nine years after the historic referendum, businesses, customs professionals, and individuals continue to grapple with the complexities of post-Brexit trade.
While much has been clarified since the implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA), there are still significant questions that require answers, even in 2025.
To help businesses navigate this evolving landscape, we’ve updated our comprehensive guide, now featuring the 99 most frequently asked Brexit-related questions in 2025. Whether you are directly involved in customs procedures, managing cross-border trade, or working with logistics, this document is a critical resource to ensure that you stay compliant, informed, and ahead of the curve.
The Lasting Impact of Brexit
Brexit has fundamentally altered the UK-EU relationship. For businesses that rely on cross-border trade, understanding how the TCA works is vital. While the agreement established a framework for how goods, services, and data move across the UK-EU border, many businesses still face ongoing challenges and uncertainties. The rules governing customs procedures, tariffs, VAT, market access, and more have become an essential part of daily operations for many UK and EU businesses.
Despite the passing of time, questions continue to emerge as new complexities and interpretations of the TCA unfold. As the trading environment evolves, so to do the issues that affect businesses in the UK and across Europe.
Why This Updated Guide Matters
To help clear up the confusion, we’ve created an up-to-date resource tailored to the realities of 2025. The 99 Brexit FAQs we’ve compiled cover a wide range of topics that address the most common and pressing questions about post-Brexit trade. This document is a valuable tool for anyone involved in UK-EU trade, whether you're a customs professional, a logistics manager, or a business owner.
By providing detailed answers to practical questions, our guide helps users navigate the intricacies of the TCA and its impact on day-to-day operations. This guide isn’t just theoretical—it's built to address real-world concerns businesses face when trading between the UK and the EU. It will assist in understanding complex regulatory frameworks, reducing compliance risks, and ensuring smoother operations across the border.
What You’ll Find in the 99 Brexit FAQs
1. Customs Procedures and Documentation
Navigating customs is perhaps the most significant change post-Brexit. Customs declarations, documentation, and processes have all become more complex.
How do I submit customs declarations for goods traded between the UK and the EU?
What documentation is required for imports and exports under the TCA?
Do I need an EORI number to trade under the TCA?
These FAQs help businesses understand the procedural steps for trading between the UK and the EU. Clear guidance on customs paperwork and compliance requirements is vital to ensure no delays or customs issues that could disrupt operations.
2. Tariffs and Duties
One of the primary concerns for UK-EU trade post-Brexit is the application of tariffs. Under the TCA, most goods can be traded without tariffs, but there are specific conditions and rules that businesses must follow.
How are customs duties applied to UK-EU trade?
What are the rules for proving the origin of goods?
Are there any tariffs on goods that don’t meet the rules of origin?
This section helps businesses understand when tariffs apply and how to navigate the complex world of duty rates, ensuring that they remain compliant while minimising costs.
3. Rules of Origin
The TCA includes rules of origin, which determine where a product was made and whether it qualifies for preferential treatment, such as avoiding tariffs. These rules are critical for UK-EU trade, as non-compliance can result in significant additional costs.
How do the rules of origin affect trade between the UK and the EU?
What is the REX system, and how can I use it for self-certifying the origin of goods?
This section clarifies the rules of origin, including how to determine where goods originate and how to ensure that they qualify for preferential treatment under the TCA.
4. VAT and Indirect Taxes
VAT remains a key concern for businesses trading across the UK-EU border. Post-Brexit, VAT rules have changed, and businesses must now comply with different regulations for goods moving between the two regions.
How is VAT applied to cross-border trade between the UK and the EU?
Can I reclaim VAT on goods purchased in the EU?
Are there special VAT rules for e-commerce between the UK and the EU?
Understanding VAT is essential for businesses to remain compliant and avoid unexpected tax liabilities. This section provides businesses with clarity on how VAT is applied to cross-border transactions.
5. Market Access and Goods Movement
Post-Brexit, the movement of goods between the UK and the EU is subject to a new set of rules, impacting everything from customs clearance to logistics.
What are the new rules for the movement of goods between the UK and the EU?
Do UK businesses need to apply for an EU CE mark for their products?
Our FAQ guide covers the new requirements for market access, helping businesses navigate the rules for transporting goods, complying with product regulations, and ensuring smooth movement across borders.
6. Logistics and Transportation
The logistics of moving goods across borders have changed significantly post-Brexit. Customs declarations, border checks, and new transportation requirements have led to delays for many businesses, but understanding the new system can help mitigate these disruptions.
What are the customs and border requirements for transporting goods between the UK and the EU?
How does the TCA impact supply chains and logistics?
This section provides guidance on how businesses can effectively manage their supply chains, including customs clearance and transportation logistics, to minimise delays and costs.
7. Customs Support and Help
For businesses facing challenges with customs processes, there are various support mechanisms in place. This section provides information on the types of support available, including help with customs declarations, getting advice on tariffs, and understanding rules of origin.ers the critical questions about workforce mobility between the UK and the EU.
Download Your 99 Brexit FAQs Guide Today!
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